Effect of Structured Teaching Program on Knowledge regarding Impact of Teenage Pregnancy among teenage girls in selected Higher Secondary Schools, Murshidabad
Lipi Mondal1, Ankita Mandal2, Makunnahar Mim2, Ananya Kuilya2, Mallika Sarkar2
1Assistant Professor, Jiaganj School & College of Nursing, Murshidabad, West Bengal, India.
2Final Year B.Sc Nursing Student, Jiaganj School & College of Nursing, Murshidabad, West Bengal, India.
*Corresponding Author Email: lipimondal31@gmail.com
ABSTRACT:
Teenage pregnancy is now a genuine problem in whole world, specially in the developing countries like India. India is coming under the highest rates of early marriage and teenage pregnancy. At rural India 40% of girls, aged 15 to 19 years are married and 50% of married girls aged 15 to 19 had at least one child. Studies showed that the teenage girls don’t even have the knowledge on the impact on teenage pregnancy on maternal health. Therefore, it is important to assess the knowledge of the teenage girls regarding impact of Teenage pregnancy. Objectives: To assess the effect of structured teaching program on knowledge regarding Impact of Teenage Pregnancy among teenage girls and to identify the association between socio- demographic variables and knowledge regarding Impact of Teenage Pregnancy among teenage girls. Methods: A quantitative approach with one group pre-test post-test design was adopted out of 60 teenage girls in selected Higher Secondary Schools, Murshidabad. The pre-test was carried out and then structured teaching program was given. The main effects were measured in enhancement knowledge level doing post-test after 7 days of structured teaching program given. Results: The pretest results revealed that majority of participants (81.7%, n = 49) had moderate knowledge regarding teenage pregnancy, while 10.0% (n = 6) demonstrated adequate knowledge, and 8.3% (n = 5) had inadequate knowledge before the intervention. In contrast, the posttest results showed a substantial improvement in knowledge levels. Following the educational intervention, adequate knowledge increased significantly to 31.7% (n = 19), while those with moderate knowledge 68.3% (n = 41). It was also showed residence of the participants had a statistically significant association with their pretest knowledge level (χ² = 10.127, df = 4, p = 0.038) and the occupation of the father was found to have a statistically significant association with the posttest knowledge levels (χ² = 9.384, df = 3, p = 0.025). Conclusions: The study findings concluded that the structured teaching program is useful in enhancing the knowledge level of teenage girls on Impact of Teenage pregnancy.
KEYWORDS: Effect, Structured Teaching Program, Impact, Teenage Pregnancy.
BACKGROUND:
Teenage pregnancy is now a genuine problem in whole world, specially in the developing countries like India3. India is coming under the highest rates of early marriage and teenage pregnancy4. At rural India 40% of girls, aged 15 to 19 years are married and 50% of married girls aged 15 to 19 had at least one child5. Studies showed that the teenage girls don’t even have the knowledge on the impact on teenage pregnancy on maternal health6,7. Therefore, it is important to assess the knowledge of the teenage girls regarding impact of Teenage pregnancy.
OBJECTIVES:
To assess the effect of structured teaching program on knowledge regarding Impact of Teenage Pregnancy among teenage girls and to identify the association between socio- demographic variables and knowledge regarding Impact of Teenage Pregnancy among teenage girls.
METHODOLOGY:
The quantitative approach was applied for this study.
Research design:
The research design adopted for the present study was pre-experimental one group pre-test and post-test design.
Variables:
The variables in this study includes independent variables and outcomes variables.
Independent variables:
This includes age of the teenage girls, Level of the student, Number of siblings, Residence, Family income,
Religion, Type of Family, Educational status of father and mother, Occupation of Father and Mother,
Idea regarding Teenage Pregnancy and Source of Information.
Outcomes variables:
Level of knowledge.
Sample:
The sample of the present study involved of all teenage girl students were present in Jiaganj Birendra Singh Singhi High School (H.S.) and Jiaganj Raja Bijoy Singh Vidya Mandir during data collection out of 60 girl students.
Sample size:
N= 60
Sampling technique
Convenience sampling technique.
Description of data collection instruments:
The researchers constructed research instrument for data collection with the help of extensive literature review and by expert’s opinions from the field of Obstetrics and Gynecology. In this study, socio-demographic data was collected by using interview technique and record review from study participants. Structured questionnaires were used to assess the pre-test knowledge and same questionnaires were used for post-test knowledge assessment after 7 days of providing structured teaching program. Tool was translated into Bengali version and the validity and reliability was obtained.
Section -A: Socio-Demographic data:
It includes:
1. Age of the teenage girls, Level of the student, Number of siblings, Residence, Family income,
2. Religion, Type of Family, Educational status of father and mother, Occupation of Father and Mother,
3. Idea regarding Teenage Pregnancy and Source of Information.
Section B-Structured questionnaire on knowledge regarding Teenage Pregnancy:
Deals with 20 multiple choice questions relating to the knowledge of Teenage Girls on impact of Teenage Pregnancy. Participants were asked to choose the response among the given options.
Score interpretation of instrument:
Part 1:
No scoring was given to the demographic variables.
Part 2:
The structured questionnaire scoring was based on the responses. The correct answer was given one mark and no negative score was assigned for the incorrect response. Maximum and minimum score was 20 and 0 respectively. The scores was categorized as:
Poor Knowledge: 1-7
Moderate Knowledge: 8-14
Adequate Knowledge: 15-20
Plan for data analysis:
The distribution of categorical variables such as Level of the student, Number of siblings, Residence, Family income, Religion, Type of Family, Educational status of father and mother, Occupation of Father and Mother, Idea regarding Teenage Pregnancy and Source of Information were expressed informs of frequency percentage.
The distribution of continuous variables such as age and level of knowledge was expressed in term of mean with standard deviation or median with range.
The comparison of continuous data such as age and level of knowledge in relation with categorical variables mentioned above were carried out by using independent t test based on the distribution of data and number of groups. The change in the level of knowledge as an impact of structured teaching program was accomplished by using paired t test. The association of knowledge status with the categorical variables was executed by using chi-square test. The statistical analysis was performed by 5% level of significance with p value <0.05.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION:
The most of the teenage girls (51.7%, n = 31) were aged 17 years, followed by 35.0% (n = 21) aged 16 years, and 13.3% (n = 8) aged 18 years. Most participants were studying in Class XI (70.0%, n = 42), while 30.0% (n = 18) were in Class XII. Regarding the number of siblings, 60.0% (n = 36) had one sibling, 16.7% (n = 10) each had either no siblings or two siblings, and only 6.7% (n = 4) had three or more siblings.
In terms of residence, the majority resided in urban areas (86.7%, n = 52), while 10.0% (n = 6) lived in rural areas, and 3.3% (n = 2) in semi-urban regions. The family income per month for 31.7% (n = 19) was more than ₹20,000, followed by 30.0% (n = 18) earning ₹5001–₹10,000, 20.0% (n = 12) earning less than ₹5000, and 18.3% (n = 11) earning ₹10,001–₹20,000.
The majority of the participants were Hindu (86.7%, n = 52), followed by Muslim (11.7%, n = 7), and Christian (1.7%, n = 1). A nuclear family structure was reported by 70.0% (n = 42), while 26.7% (n = 16) belonged to joint families, and 3.3% (n = 2) were from extended families.
Regarding the father's education, 48.3% (n = 29) had higher secondary education or above, 30.0% (n = 18) had secondary education, 20.0% (n = 12) had primary education, and only 1.7% (n = 1) were illiterate. Most fathers were self-employed (68.3%, n = 41), followed by 16.7% (n = 10) in government jobs, 10.0% (n = 6) in private jobs, and 5.0% (n = 3) were unemployed or retired.
For mothers' education, an equal proportion (43.3%, n = 26) had either secondary or higher secondary education, while 13.3% (n = 8) had primary education. In terms of occupation, a large majority of mothers were housewives (85.0%, n = 51), followed by 8.3% (n = 5) in government jobs, 5.0% (n = 3) self-employed, and 1.7% (n = 1) in private employment.
With respect to awareness about teenage pregnancy, 63.3% (n = 38) had knowledge, while 36.7% (n = 22) did not. Among those with knowledge (n = 38), the main source of information was the internet/social media (41.7%, n = 25), followed by family members or peer groups (18.3%, n = 11), and TV/radio (3.3%, n = 2). The 22 participants without knowledge were marked as “Not Applicable” under source of information.
The pretest results revealed that most of participants (81.7%, n = 49) had moderate knowledge regarding teenage pregnancy, while 10.0% (n = 6) demonstrated adequate knowledge, and 8.3% (n = 5) had inadequate knowledge before the intervention. In contrast, the posttest results showed a substantial improvement in knowledge levels. Following the educational intervention, adequate knowledge increased significantly to 31.7% (n = 19), while those with moderate knowledge 68.3% (n = 41). The mean knowledge score of teenage girls during the pre-test was 10.98 with a standard deviation of 3.105, After the educational intervention, the post-test mean knowledge score 13.12, with a standard deviation of 3.340. A paired t-test was applied to assess the effect of the structured teaching program, yielding a t-value of 4.990 with 59 degrees of freedom and a p-value of 0.001, which is highly significant (p < 0.001).
This statistically significant improvement in post-test scores indicates that the structured teaching program was effective in enhancing the knowledge of teenage girls regarding impact of teenage pregnancy.
It was also showed residence of the participants had a statistically significant association with their pretest knowledge level (χ² = 10.127, df = 4, p = 0.038) and the occupation of the father was found to have a statistically significant association with the posttest knowledge levels (χ² = 9.384, df = 3, p = 0.025).
Table No 1: Frequency and percentage wise distribution of demographic Variables among teenage girls in selected Higher Secondary school. (N=60)
|
Demographic Variables |
Category |
Frequency |
Percentage |
|
Age in Years |
16 Years |
21 |
35.0% |
|
17 Years |
31 |
51.7% |
|
|
18 Years |
8 |
13.3% |
|
|
Level of the Student |
Class XI |
42 |
70.0% |
|
Class XII |
18 |
30.0% |
|
|
Number of Siblings |
0 |
10 |
16.7% |
|
1 |
36 |
60.0% |
|
|
2 |
10 |
16.7% |
|
|
3 or more |
4 |
6.7% |
|
|
Residence |
Rural |
6 |
10.0% |
|
Urban |
52 |
86.7% |
|
|
Semi-Urban |
2 |
3.3% |
|
|
Family Income per Month |
Less than ₹5000 |
12 |
20.0% |
|
₹5001–10,000 |
18 |
30.0% |
|
|
₹10,001–20,000 |
11 |
18.3% |
|
|
More than ₹20,000 |
19 |
31.7% |
|
|
Religion |
Hindu |
52 |
86.7% |
|
Muslim |
7 |
11.7% |
|
|
Christian |
1 |
1.7% |
|
|
Type of Family |
Nuclear |
42 |
70.0% |
|
Joint |
16 |
26.7% |
|
|
Extended Family |
2 |
3.3% |
|
|
Educational Status of Father |
Illiterate |
1 |
1.7% |
|
Primary |
12 |
20.0% |
|
|
Secondary |
18 |
30.0% |
|
|
Higher Secondary and above |
29 |
48.3% |
|
|
Occupation of Father |
Unemployed/Retired |
3 |
5.0% |
|
Self-Employed |
41 |
68.3% |
|
|
Government |
10 |
16.7% |
|
|
Private |
6 |
10.0% |
|
|
Educational Status of Mother |
Primary |
8 |
13.3% |
|
Secondary |
26 |
43.3% |
|
|
Higher Secondary and above |
26 |
43.3% |
|
|
Occupation of Mother |
Housewife |
51 |
85.0% |
|
Self-Employed |
3 |
5.0% |
|
|
Government |
5 |
8.3% |
|
|
Private |
1 |
1.7% |
|
|
Knowledge on Teenage Pregnancy |
Yes |
38 |
63.3% |
|
No |
22 |
36.7% |
|
|
Source of Information (If Yes) |
NOT APPLICABLE |
22 |
36.7% |
|
TV/Radio |
2 |
3.3% |
|
|
Internet/Social Media |
25 |
41.7% |
|
|
Family Members/Peer Group |
11 |
18.3% |
Table No 2: Frequency and percentage wise distribution of pre-test and post-test level of Knowledge regarding Impact of Teenage Pregnancy among teenage girls in selected Higher Secondary school. (N=60)
|
Knowledge Level |
Pre-test |
Post-test |
||
|
Frequency (n) |
Percentage (%) |
Frequency (n) |
Percentage (%) |
|
|
Inadequate knowledge |
5 |
8.3% |
0 |
0.0% |
|
Moderate knowledge |
49 |
81.7% |
41 |
68.3% |
|
Adequate knowledge |
6 |
10.0% |
19 |
31.7% |
|
Total |
60 |
100.0 |
60 |
100.0 |
Table No 3: Effectiveness of Structured Teaching Program on Knowledge regarding Impact of Teenage Pregnancy among teenage girls in selected Higher Secondary school. (N=60)
|
Knowledge Score |
Mean |
Standard Deviation |
Mean Difference |
t-value |
df |
p-value |
|
Pretest |
10.98 |
3.105 |
2.13 |
4.990 |
59 |
0.001** HS |
|
Posttest Score |
13.12 |
3.340 |
**-p < 0.001 highly significant
Table No: 4:- Association between pretest level of Knowledge regarding Impact of Teenage Pregnancy among teenage girls in selected Higher Secondary school with their selected socio demographic variables. (N=60)
|
Socio demographic variables |
Pretest level of Knowledge |
Chi-Square value |
df |
p-value |
|||
|
Inadequate Knowledge |
Moderately Adequate Knowledge |
Adequate Knowledge |
|||||
|
n(%) |
n(%) |
n(%) |
|||||
|
Residence |
Rural |
0 (0.0%) |
5 (10.2%) |
1 (16.7%) |
10.127 |
4 |
0.038* |
|
Urban |
4 (80.0%) |
44 (89.8%) |
4 (66.7%) |
||||
|
Semi-Urban |
1 (20.0%) |
0 (0.0%) |
1 (16.7%) |
||||
*-p < 0.05 significant, S- significant
Table No: 5 :- Association between posttest level of Knowledge regarding Impact of Teenage Pregnancy among teenage girls in selected Higher Secondary school with their selected socio demographic variables. (N=60)
|
Socio demographic variables |
Posttest level of Knowledge |
Chi-Square value |
df |
p-value |
||
|
Moderately Adequate Knowledge |
Adequate Knowledge |
|||||
|
n(%) |
n(%) |
|||||
|
Occupation of Father |
Unemployed/Retired |
0 (0.0%) |
3 (15.8%) |
9.384 |
3 |
0.025* S |
|
Self-Employed |
27 (65.9%) |
14 (73.7%) |
||||
|
Government |
9 (22.0%) |
1 (5.3%) |
||||
|
Private |
5 (12.2%) |
1 (5.3%) |
||||
*-p < 0.05 significant, S-significant
Gayithri K. et al (2024) conducted a study at PCR Government junior College at chittor, India to find out the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on knowledge regarding teenage pregnancy among 60 adolescent girls through purposive sampling technique and using self-structured tool which consisted demographic variables and self structured scale. The result showed that the pretest level of knowledge among 60 girls had (60.00%) inadequate knowledge, (3.30%) had moderate knowledge and (3.30%) had adequate knowledge. And in post-test level knowledge 13.30% had moderate knowledge, 5.00% had inadequate knowledge and 81.70% had adequate knowledge and also there was a statistician association of post level of knowledge with selected demographic variables such as education of the student, father occupation at the level of P<=0.003 significance. It was also seen that association between post test knowledge with selected demographic variables such as education of mothers at the level of p<=0.001 significance.1
Oinam MD et al (2022), conducted astudy at Rural Higher secondary schools of Burdwan, west Bengal to find out the effectiveness of planned teaching programme on knowledge regarding teenage pregnancy and it’s prevention among 30 teenage girls through random sampling by using structured knowledge questionnaire. The result showed the majority of teenage girls 29(26.67%) had average knowledge and mean post test knowledge score 14.83(83.33%) was higher than the mean pre test knowledge score 9.2(3.33%) and there was a significant difference between pre test and post test scores of knowledge regarding teenage pregnancy.2
CONCLUSION:
The study concluded structured teaching program is effective in improving the knowledge level on impact of teenage pregnancy among teenage girls.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT:
The researchers express their heartfelt gratitude to those who are helped in the completion of research study. They are grateful to the participants, to the Higher authorities of the Institutions.
Compliance with ethical guidelines.
This research project was approved by the Headmistress of Birendra Singh Singhi and Headmaster of Jiaganj Raja Bijoy Singh Vidya Mandir, Murshidabad, West Bengal, India and Principal of Jiaganj School and College of Nursing, Murshidabad, West Bengal, India. Ethical Code: 1904/JSCN/PRIN/25 (A). It was assured that the participants’ information would be kept confidential. The data were coded and anonymized on the computer. The samples were assured that they would be presented with the study results if desired.
FUNDING:
All the expenses regarding this study was beard by the Investigator only.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST:
The authors declared no conflict of interest.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS:
The authors hereby appreciate the Headmistress of Birendra Singh Singhi and Headmaster of Jiaganj Raja Bijoy Singh Vidya Mandir, Murshidabad, West Bengal, India and Principal of Jiaganj School and College of Nursing, Murshidabad, West Bengal, India for providing support for this study. The authors also thank all the Participants who participated in the research study.
LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY:
1. Sample size is small.
2. Follow-up period is short.
3. Limited generalizability.
RECOMMENDATIONS FOR FUTURE RESEARCH:
Considering the current findings of the study the following recommendations are given.
1. A similar kind of study can be in future with large sample size to make generalization.
2. A similar study can be performed in community health settings.
3. An experimental study can be undertaken to find out the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on knowledge regarding teenage pregnancy among teenage girls.
4. A study can be carried out to evaluate the efficiency of various teaching strategies like Chart, Poster, Pamphlet, Flipchart, Flashcard regarding teenage pregnancy among the teenage girls.
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Received on 15.09.2025 Revised on 06.11.2025 Accepted on 22.01.2026 Published on 30.04.2026 Available online from May 02, 2026 Asian J. Nursing Education and Research. 2026;16(2):91-96. DOI: 10.52711/2349-2996.2026.00019 ©A and V Publications All right reserved
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